SAVING THE ARAL SEA AND A WAY OUT OF THE ARAL SEA CRISIS
The most global eco-geo catastrophe (planetary catastrophe)
HORRIFYING FACTS:
Today, the Aral Sea has shrunk in area by three quarters. At the same time, the salinity of the reservoir has catastrophically increased, which now exceeds the ocean salinity. But in the Large Aral the salt content is now close to 100 g per litre (imagine a packet of salt dissolved in a bucket). The Aral Sea is contaminated with hydrogen sulphide. In the future it is possible that a giant "cloud" of hydrogen sulphide from the Aral Sea will be released into the atmosphere, which will destroy the population and the biosphere (a terrible example of such events was the tragedy of African Lake Nios in August 1986, when a sudden release of carbon dioxide from the lake caused the death of almost two thousand inhabitants of nearby villages and all living things within a radius of a dozen kilometres). Tons of military biowarfare, smallpox and anthrax, and other bio-weapons are buried in the soil of the Aral Sea.
Scientists know of only a few biological agents, such as: anthrax, plague, tularemia, brucellosis, Q fever, botulinum toxin, Venezuelan equine encephalitis. There are about 40 of them.
Karakalpak scientists said that in the 80s, during tests in one of the laboratories there was an emergency - "carrying" of infection. Four battalions of soldiers died.
The decrease of the Aral Sea water quantity can, of course, come from three reasons:
- Reduction of water in natural two rivers pouring into the Aral Amudarya and Syrdarya,
- The amount of rain and snow falling on the surface of the lake and its immediate surroundings has been reduced
- Higher temperatures, lower humidity, and stronger winds, i.e. phenomena that increase evaporation.
- Increase in irrigated areas.
The process of natural degradation of the Aral Sea region has entailed an actively progressing crisis in the socio-economic sphere. The first victims of this crisis were the most vulnerable segments of the population: children, women, poor people in urban and rural areas. The region has the highest infant mortality rate in the former USSR (75 per 1,000 children born) and a high maternal mortality rate of about 120 per 10,000 births. Diseases that are satellites of poverty are widespread: tuberculosis, infectious and parasitic diseases - typhus, paratyphus, hepatitis. This is especially pronounced in towns and villages of Karakalpakstan.
Disease incidence has an alarming tendency to increase. Anaemia, thyroid dysfunction, kidney and liver disease are common in the epicentre of environmental disaster. Blood diseases, cancers, asthma and heart failure are progressing.
In terms of natural resources, including water resources, Uzbekistan is in a position that could radically affect the entire ecosystem of the Eurasian continent.
About 300 days a year, sandy salt storms roam the region. From the dried seabed, 75 million tonnes of sand and dust rise into the atmosphere each year. From the entire dried seabed, about 39 million tonnes of salts are blown out each year. The coming new Aralkum desert has already swallowed up two million hectares of arable land, led to degradation of pastures, tugai forests and other vegetation. Space images show that "mud" plumes filled with dust and salt from the Aral Sea penetrate 800-1000 kilometres deep into densely populated oases. There is evidence that they also settle on glaciers where the main rivers of Central Asia originate.
Abandoned orchards are intensively cut down by the local population for economic needs. A real threat has arisen not only over cultivated varieties of apple trees and other fruit species, but also over relict wild species. Therefore, the preservation of wild species is not only of national importance, but is also an issue of global agrobiodiversity.
Comparative characteristics of territory and population:
The territory of the interfluve (between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya) plus the Ustyurt Plateau includes 8 provinces: Navoi, Bukhara, Karakalpak Autonomous Republic, Samarkand, Karshi, Jizzak, Sukhandarya, Syr Darya.
The total area of these territories is 418 square kilometres, with a population of 13.2 million. This territory is larger than England(244/57), than Italy(301/58), than Poland(212/38), larger than the 2 Koreas (North and South), slightly smaller than Japan(372/125) and Germany (357/80). All the interfluves of the world have always been the origin of the birth of civilisation as well as the birth of the world. For example: Tigris and Euphrates, Yangtze and Huanghe.
I. CAUSES OF THE DISASTER:
I.-Natural
1) Natural outflow of water in the soil-sand into a surface "sponge".
2) Imbalance of the Syr Darya and Amu Darya tributaries
3) Evaporation due to the grandiose amount of aryn system area and through the ground.
4) Lack of water inflow from mountains due to the fact that glaciers and snow cover in mountains does not melt because sand and dust are transported 1000 km away. And snow and glaciers lose their whiteness and do not melt, in this connection sand and soil cover of deserts should be liquidated, stored or exploited.
II. Factor of civilisation (human influence)
1) Increase of irrigated areas
Leakiness of canal beds and the whole irrigation system.
III. Hypothetical causes (scientifically unproven facts):
(a) The theory of a canal between the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea
b) outflow of water into the fault between two massifs of geological platforms.
PROBLEM SOLVING:
1.Elimination of surface soil "sponge", i.e. removal of sandy loam soil.
a) 1.5-2m diameter plastic nano pipes are being laid southwards from 44(n) and down to 40(n) in the area of Ghazli (Kimerekum sands) - Salt Lake.
b) Sand is stored in pyramids through pipes to create a stock of material for house-building factories to produce sand foam concrete building products. Sand pyramids are erected in the region to the west of Bukhara, creating a mountain ridge, as if a continuation of the Zarafshan range spurs, to barrier the cold air (Siberia, the Urals, northern Kazakhstan) and the southern Afghans, which spreads chemistry from Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Pyramids should absorb surface soil, chemicals from the territory of 300 thousand square kilometres on average 10m deep (from 3 to 15m)
c) Sandy soil shall be transferred from the area except in areas not subject to primary redevelopment:
Strategic areas: mines, quarries, wells.
Cities and towns (settlements)
State reserves and sanctuaries, and national parks
Archaeological Zones.
2. Laying channels to balance the inflow.
a) In parallel, in the territory without sand, canals are being laid with preservation of the pipes used for sand transportation, in the future they will transport or reserve gas, gas condensate, oil. Possibly, the pipes will contain a reserve of fresh water. Some of the sand-soil will be exported to Holland, Australia, Germany. Countries that are subject to flooding due to global warming.
b) Extraction of groundwater for additional inflow.
The following sequence of works is proposed for the implementation of this project:
- Collection, storage and sale of soil
- Channelisation
The scheme of laying the channels along parallels and meridians was chosen for clear geodetic and space control.
- Canal 41(n) from Lake Aidarkul westwards to the Tuya-Muyun reservoir is the first to be constructed. The canal that will first link the Syr Darya and Amu Darya in order to balance the inflow of the two rivers
3. A canal along 66(m) from south to north from Aidarkul to 44(n) canal is dug. Thus, 4 canals are looped and the rivers are united by two canals and a canal connected to the Aral Sea. After looping of these 4 canals, the canals laid on the ground in Kashkadarya, Jizzak, Surkhandarya .... oblasts are closed in order to reconstruct the canal profile with replacement of the channel with non-filtering sand-concrete profiles with waterproofing materials (nano film), with obligatory correction of main canals under the existing situation.
Forest planting
On the territory of Kazakhstan south of the Syr Darya River up to the border with the Republic of Uzbekistan it is proposed to plant a grandiose coniferous forest of valuable species to retain cold air and reduce evaporation.
Development of rainfed lands
Areas south of the border of Uzbekistan up to the canal 43(n), as well as on the territory of the former water area of the Aral Sea. In this proposal are considered as rainfed lands (with irregular irrigation), with planting of meadow, technical, grain crops.
Development of areas for agricultural crops
After the main trunk canals, the inter-canal spaces are considered as areas with intensive agriculture.
Cultivation and development of exotic crops is proposed
Along with traditional crops, it is proposed to develop the production of tropical (bananas, tangerines, lemons, kiwi), exotic and branded crops (coffee, cocoa, tobacco.) in pyramids freed from sand and converted into climatrons.
Development of meat and dairy products
Thus, it is possible to solve meat and dairy and poultry products. Of course, the fishing industry with its better quality products will be resumed.
Reorganisation and redevelopment of regional districts
The administrative map will be simplified and the channel grid will be the boundaries of the districts of the region with their centres
Reconstruction and construction of the settlement structure of the whole region
Large cities, settlements, kishlaks are not initially subjected to reconstruction. In the future, with a favourable change in the environmental situation of the climate, the city-forming infrastructure. Qualitative residential transformations will take place. The sequence follows from small (wintering villages, kishlaks...) to the largest formations. The possibility of replacing housing will occur in extreme (shift) settlements, which will have comfortable living conditions.
The following results will be obtained from the implementation measures of this project
1) formation of settlement-forming factors and employment.
2) development of the welfare of society
3) development of science, culture, sport.
4) tourism and recreation
5) construction and creation of transport and engineering infrastructure (water, gas, heat, electricity)
6) production of construction materials and raw materials (sand)
7) establishment of an agro committee
8) waste utilisation and recycling
9) economic growth of the region through building structures, sand exports, agricultural products.
SANDWICH HOMES.
Many different teams of workers are needed to carry out this kind of work.
All these people need somewhere to live.
Comfortable mobile housing has been developed to address this problem.
Let's take a closer look at it. It represents a system of blocks from which residential complexes are assembled. 1 block is a residential cell - 6 x 4 metres. Each block is a steel frame with intermediate foam concrete inserts. The main load is carried by the corners of the block, made in the form of arc-shaped hollow metal columns. Each such column is divided into 3 compartments, which are used for various communications. Also along the length of all walls with an interval of 1 metre there are metal posts. Covering panels are fixed to them from inside and outside. The floor and ceiling are made in the form of a coffered metal construction, the gaps of which are filled with insulating material. On the inside, the ceiling is lined with plasterboard. There are holes in the places of connection of vertical posts and columns with the beams of the caisson floor on the upper and lower sides of the case. When assembling the blocks, special pins are inserted into these holes to ensure stable positioning of the blocks on each other. The same holes are used for fixing parapets. Thanks to such a design, sufficient strength and relative lightness of each block is ensured, which allows combining them into multi-storey residential complexes. To create a normal residential section, 5 varieties of blocks are required. Namely: a stair block, an entrance section with bathrooms, a common room, a kitchen-dining room and a bedroom. All the equipment, inbuilt and transported along with the block. Blocks are assembled at the factory, there according to the project of the complex are cut through the doors and windows. These blocks provide both comfortable accommodation for people and at the same time mobility of the construction site.
Such housing can be provided not only for construction teams, but also for workers of many other structures: EMERCOM, miners, miners, military, border guards and many others, whose occupation involves living in hard-to-reach places and unpopulated regions.
The starting point of all irrigation and construction works will be the western part of Lake Aidarkul. The construction of the first canals starts from here. As a result, the intersection of the canals and the road enveloping the lake create a convenient place for the creation of the first shift camp. There are 2 variants of residential buildings here. One of them is a three-storey residential complex, which is not difficult to assemble. It consists of 2 sections, each of which includes 3 flats on the 1st and 2nd floors and 1 flat on the 3rd floor. Its structure consists of shifting blocks, as a result of which canopies and balconies are formed. The balconies are enclosed by special parapets. The roof of this complex is exploitable. It is proposed to cover it with artificial grass. The second type of structure is a nine-storey residential complex. It represents a square site with docked blocks forming 4 flats on each floor. Each floor is a reflection of the previous one. As a result of this combination, each flat has balconies. The roof of the complex is also exploitable.
Consider the zoning of the settlement. The main entrance turns into a ring road surrounding the park zone. The administrative zone with a community centre adjoins it from the lake side. A school with a stadium and a kindergarten are located to the west of the park. In the north-eastern part there is a commercial zone (market). The rest of the park is occupied by a residential area.
The housing blocks used in the construction of the settlement are easy to transport and install due to their relatively low weight. This ensures the mobility of the construction site and easy relocation of the buildings to a new location....
RECYCLING PLANT
Today, the whole world is facing a huge environmental problem of
with the disposal of various human wastes.
As a result, specialised waste treatment plants are being set up.
Due to the urgency of this world problem, a global project has emerged
eco-factory, the concept of architectural appearance of which is presented in the form of a
an urban mechanised pyramid.
A building with a pronounced use of glazed spaces. It consists of huge frame space structures. The building uses renewable energy sources such as solar panels. Many balconies and platforms in the pyramid architecture are green areas that serve to maintain ecology and comply with the world standards of "green buildings" in the appearance of architecture.
In some parts of the ribs of the pyramid there are various scientific complexes, intellectual centres and laboratories with their own eco-green areas.
In the centre of one of the facades of the pyramid in the form of a mechanistic composition of architectural forms there is a large entrance group consisting of the main administrative complex and the main entrance to the eco-plant.
Echo - The plant is a fully autonomous construction with its own shift residential, multi-storey complex embedded in one of the corners of the pyramid, where people working in the whole construction can live. Due to the special architectural composition of the residential complex, green areas were provided on the roofs of the complex with free access to them for all residents.
There is also a business centre (in the form of a skyscraper) where all economic, financial and business issues of the eco-plant are solved.
The pyramid with a side of 1000 metres and a height of 510 metres has 6 main levels, which have their own specific function.
Because of its main purpose of waste disposal and recycling, the pyramid works by the sieve method, where from the higher level the delivered waste makes its way to the lower level in order to produce finished products after recycling.
Level 3 at the 150 metre mark has an important function and is responsible for storing the delivered waste and sorting it. On both sides of the pyramid there are 4 automated points of reception and transport of rubbish. The rubbish from level 1 is delivered to this level and stored there. Then there is a pre-sorting on the waste sorting line. This technological process involves separating solid waste into fractions (paper, metal, glass, organics, rubber, etc.) using automated conveyors. After sorting, each fraction is sent through automated vertical shafts to the 2nd level for recycling.
Level 2 The eco-factory is located at the 100 metre mark and has the function of recycling waste. After detailed processing, each waste fraction goes to a specific module, where it is processed into a suitable secondary raw material using various methods and processes. In the end, the fully processed waste is transported through the same automated shafts to the 1st level where, depending on the fraction, it is distributed to the plants.
1 main level The eco-factory also consists of a graveyard of old cars, which pass the dismantling line and 3 plants for the production of recycled waste (rubbish, brick, metallurgical). Each plant has its own administrative and household complex, warehouses, production workshops and a small park area.
In the centre of the 1st level of the pyramid there is a control centre surrounded by a park zone with a huge artificial lake, which provides the eco-plant with water resources. Also on the 1st level, to connect all 3 factories and the control centre there is a network of monorail tracks, representing only ecological transport, i.e. electric cars.
The control centre serves as one of the starting points to the other levels of the eco-plant by means of stair-lift nodes enclosed in a huge support rod in the very centre of the pyramid. In addition to this, there are 4 more stair-lift nodes of the same height, located at the four corners of the glass pyramid, which serves as a dome for the control centre.
Level 4 at the 200 metre mark is set aside as a reserve.
Level 5 at the 250 metre mark is the agro level, which is divided into green areas dedicated to the cultivation of crops. Various vegetable gardens, plantations and orchards, thanks to high-tech equipment and building materials, have their own microclimate depending on the crops.
Each of these levels also has its own administrative and residential complex, green areas, warehouses, monorail ring with level control stations and transport and communication corridor.
Level 6 at the level of 400 metres is fully equipped with a gas recovery zone, where organic matter is converted into biogas using the method of processing organic matter in reactors. The combustible waste is fed into the gasification module. The combustible gas resulting from these two processes is converted in a generator into heat and, if necessary, electricity for use in the associated production or for sale.
In the design, technologies for future building operation have been followed to reduce to zero any harmful emissions such as carbon dioxide, vapours, dirty water, waste, etc.
When organising the urban space, full interaction with the eco-environment of the district is assumed - we can say that a friendly environment for the interaction of architecture, man, nature and landscape is organised.
COSMODROM
new technologies and space exploration.
Engaging in space activities will give impetus to the development of modern technologies (space-based communication systems, television, navigation, natural resources research, environmental control and others).
A spaceport is not only a defence complex facility, it has a general impact on the social and economic development of the country.
A spaceport is a very complex, multifaceted structure with a large number of sophisticated technical devices.
Taking into account all construction norms, the most suitable area for construction was chosen. Its coordinates are 00 latitude, 00 longitude, west of Tashkent, Navoi Oblast, which makes it more convenient for rocket launches compared to cosmodromes located to the north.
The territory of the cosmodrome in plan is a rectangle, with radial automobile and railway tracks and monorail, which is very convenient for quick transport of passengers The main entrance to the territory is located in the southern part of the territory, where you can see the panorama of all the facilities of the cosmodrome.
The complex consists of 8 main facilities.
On the eastern part of the complex is a series of hangars for storage and final assembly of rocket components, where specialists assemble the rocket, the parts for which are delivered by rail from various factories.
On the western part there is a power plant that provides energy for the entire complex and a fuel storage facility, these elements are one of the most important components of the cosmodrome.
On the northern part of the complex there is a universal take-off table, for missiles of different sizes, which creates convenient operation and economy in construction. Behind it there is a runway with its own car park.
In the centre of the territory there is a complex of 3 buildings, which are monumental-centering composition of the complex, made in a single style.
1. Building "Institute for the Study and Modernisation of Space Technologies"where new elements, software and technologies are tested and created, with its own experimental laboratories. The building itself consists of two rectangular shapes united by a slab. The monotony of the building is diluted by various observation decks from which it will be possible to watch the rocket launch.
2. Building "Measuring complex" where tracking and control of all take-offs and landings embodied by the cosmodrome is carried out. The building is one of the key links of the complex, is a large glass sphere standing on 4 rectangular columns tapering to the top, at the base are 4 rectangular blocks at different levels.
3. The building "Cosmonaut Training Centre", which consists of 3 blocks connected to each other at different levels.
The building consists of simple architectural forms enclosed in a single composition, with a vivid use of glazing and structural elements, which makes the architecture rigid and mechanistic, in no way more suitable for the architecture of the cosmodrome.
1st block "Medical Services", the layout of which is very simple and convenient, the entrance group, together with the hall, is located in the northern part of the block. The stairwell and sanitary facilities are combined into one group, rectangular in shape. Opposite the staircases, lifts are provided for more convenient access to the floors. All other places are given for offices and a large laboratory, where astronauts will undergo medical examination.
2nd block "Training Centre", is two united volumes, rectangular in shape, of different sizes. The entrance to the building is also from the northern part, a reserve entrance has been provided for large equipment. Stair and lift shafts are located on the sides of the main entrance, the rest of the space forming corridors, there are laboratories monitoring the training of astronauts, as well as the training rooms themselves, the main of which is a block of three floors, where large-scale training is carried out.
3rd block "residential" is given to a zone of rest and sleep. The building consists of 17 floors, in the plan are two semicircles of different radius, partially separated by a strong wall. The entrance is from two sides - north and south. Two lifts and a staircase block located in the middle of the building, functionally dividing the building into zones, the residential part, where there are bedrooms and bathrooms, and the recreation zone.
All 3 blocks are connected by intermediate floors of different heights, where there is a conference hall, dining room and rooms for various kinds of entertainment. The roofs of the buildings are exploitable, there are sun protection canopies.
The spaceport territory also includes buildings for fire safety, security and medical centre.
REGENERATION CITY
winds that are hazardous to health and unfit for human life
A new green island with rich flora and fauna has appeared,
which can now rightly be called Renaissance Island.
In the lagoon of this island is a Renaissance town that will become a
symbolising humanity's first real step towards saving our planet.
In this work we used Le Corbusier's experience, Doxiadis' scheme of dynamic city and Lebedev's project of dynamic city. As well as a large amount of related information.
The Eco-City project is based on the principles of placement of residential buildings, public buildings, with observance of sanitary gaps between them, taking into account convenient transport links.
It is envisaged to bring nature closer to man through the creation of urban parks, expansion of forest areas, effective measures to protect and improve the external environment.
The Renaissance City is designed with all sustainable technologies in mind, such as buildings equipped with solar systems, solar panels and wind farms to utilise the sun and wind energy that nature provides us with in abundance. The use of cyber trains and taxis and other alternative energy transport, energy efficient buildings and sewage treatment plants. Green recreational areas and small gardens on the upper floors are being incorporated into the architecture itself.
The city is located on an island in the centre of the newly formed Aral Sea, which gives it the right to be called a port city, which has access to the Caspian Sea through the Aral-Caspian Canal. It also lies on the route of the Main Uzbek Railway and the Autobahn, which gives it the opportunity to use all existing modes of transport and makes its position extremely rational.
The city itself is based on a central thoroughfare almost exactly repeating the Tashkent square, with beams of major roads diverging from the centre to the outskirts, the city centre itself being bounded by a small ring. In total, the city has 3 ring highways and is bounded by a large ellipse-shaped ring with a large diameter of 20 km and a small diameter of 10 km. The city also has 2 promenade streets emerging from the central square and running along both runs of the lagoon.
To maximise the comfort of residents, simple thoroughfares have a minimum of three levels of traffic, and even more at complex interchanges. On the ground level of such highways there are two roads, six lanes each way, separated by a twenty-five-metre alley planted with wide-branched trees. At ten metres above ground level, cyber trains and cyber taxis run along the tracks, while underground, underground lines function.
At complex interchanges there are interchange stations with car parks, cultural and entertainment complexes.
And also the city is permeated by a network of artificially created rivers, having access to the sea and allowing to make walks and excursions by river transport.
The city is connected to the Autobahn and the railway by the railway and bus stations located to the south-west of the city and connected to the cargo port, which has its own industrial warehouse area. In the central part of the city there is a tourist seaport for small and passenger ships, and to the north-east of the city there is an air terminal, also connected by highways to the city and the autobahn.
Functionally, the city is divided by highways into main zones: In the central part of the city there is the administrative zone, where all state structures are located. Just behind the administrative centre are the territories of embassies and foreign missions. In the city centre, to the north-west and south-east of the city centre there are business centres, offices and commercial buildings. In the central and western parts of the city there are educational centres, research institutes, and cultural centres. Also in the central part of the city there are hotel and cultural and entertainment areas. In the northernmost part of the city the Olympic Park area is planned. From the centre to the south-east of the city the residential areas are developing, passing into suburban settlements in the eastern arm of the city. And that is quite natural, in the new eco-city not a little attention is paid to the park areas, so from the central park there are two beams of beach - park territories, besides the central park in the city there is also an amusement park, also launching two green beams along the whole city. In addition, the residential area is divided by diagonal park zones, allowing to make outdoor recreation available to all residents of the city.
Consider the conceptual solution of architectural units and complexes, which make up the composition of the entire city. The basic concept of the city is buildings modelled from simple elements, for example, from rectangular blocks, which allows, combining several elements, to obtain complexes and entire architectural ensembles. By combining buildings it is possible to emphasise the rhythm of development, functional purpose and boundaries of objects.
By creating closed courtyards it is possible to get cosy internal recreations, perfect for specialised activities of people working or living there. The simplicity of forms gives the architecture localism and restraint. Such architecture is best suited for office and administrative buildings and allows us to preserve the compositional integrity of the centre and the city itself. Despite this, we must avoid monotony. Therefore, we introduce a second type of architectural elements.
For example, a residential building with stair and lift blocks expressed on the facade has a cascading structure, which, combined with exploitable roofs, enables people living on any floor of the building to have a private piece of land and garden in front of their flat.
This type of building is also characterised by softer, rounded forms. This residential building can be both an independent unit and a part of a residential complex or even a whole ensemble. Such houses can be assembled in radial, centric, zigzag groups, forming cosy courtyards and park areas.
The next type of buildings is combined buildings and complexes, which are combinations of the first two types. Bright representatives of this type of urban development are two business complexes consisting of a whole ensemble of office buildings and business centres connected to each other. These are whole micro-districts with their own infrastructure, hotel and cultural complexes, which in turn has a positive impact on the productivity of these elements. Along with such large-scale business centres in the city are widely used and smaller complexes, united on the ground floors of a group of buildings. This unification allows us to bring into the complexes all related infrastructure and make people's labour activity as comfortable and productive as possible, as well as we raise green plantings and park areas on the roofs of these complexes, which supports our concept of a garden city.
In addition to buildings that follow the general concept, much attention is also paid to individual addressable buildings, which allow architects and designers to realise their potential and give the city and each of its districts its individuality and charm.
The Silhouette Fashion House is an example of address architecture. The capricious lines of the facade unambiguously speak of the building's unconventionality. Individual approach is an integral principle of designing any city or object. Also to the category of interesting architectural objects can be attributed a cascade hotel, visually reminiscent of the confluence of two waves. Thanks to the principle of cascading, the suites have their own green recreational areas. Another of the unusual buildings is a shopping and entertainment complex, which has the shape of a barchan and an original system of consoles. In the blind part of the building are hidden cinemas entertainment halls.
Now let's look at examples in the city itself. In the centre of the city is the main town square, in front of which is the central administrative complex, which consists of seven towers united on the ground floor. The main tower is sixty storeys high and is designed for the most significant events. The other towers are symmetrically descending. They house hotels, business centre and departments of all ministries of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The monumentality of the complex is given by two symmetrical portals rising thirteen storeys above the ground.
Also an example of laconic architecture is the micro-district oriented towards creative workshops and design institutes, which is divided by a central alley leading to the city exhibition centre.
Alongside the administrative and office development, the new city has a technologically advanced and modern Olympic Park, on three sides of which there are entrance groups that, in addition to the reception area, also fulfil a transfer function, as the park itself has its own excursion cyber train. Just outside the entrance groups is the Formula 1 track, five kilometres long, with its grandstand on the north side of the park. The main park square is dominated by the Olympic Torch and a 120 metre high Ferris wheel. Around which are located: Olympic Stadium, Water Arena, Ice Palace, three sports centres, athletics stadium and racecourse.
The main part of the city is occupied by the residential area, let's consider one of the residential areas: it is filled with buildings forming courtyards with their own microclimate. The buildings built by the canal, around which intra-district parks are formed, have their own advantages.
In the southeastern part of the city, the high-storey development smoothly transitions into a carpet of suburban settlements and a small resort area. Behind which is the city lighthouse, with a whole complex of active recreation.
MAHAO RESORT ISLAND
Which is what the project called "MAHAO" represents.
The island is a butterfly shape divided into 3 sections
With 5 levels, surrounded by a central reservoir and ringed canal,
connected to the Aral Sea.
On the perimeter of the island, there is the first level - the beach area with a yoga centre on the coast, bars with a pool flowing into the sea, as well as spa salons and a diving club. On the south side it forms a lagoon with a marina.
On the second level are the cottages.
The next 3 levels contain most of the entertainment centres designed as bionic forms. Transport system - in addition to the water canals, there is a monorail - a cable car, around the perimeter of which there are support towers, which at the same time are stopping points, forming a link for all sections and levels between each other.
In the northern part on the central hill, the Hotel X is erected. The hotel is designed on two different levels with two independent towers in the form of soft plastic forms. The structural load-bearing frame is a steel structure consisting of a stiffening core - a central stair and lift shaft, vertical pylons, which are a plastic form, box section with a steel thickness of 3 cm with the use of ventilation, air conditioning and sewerage networks inside, which saves space.
As well as by means of horizontal load-bearing structures, which are reinforced concrete slabs made in the form of solid flat slabs, including prestressed, metal beams.
The bridges between the two towers are united by 2 metre high metal trusses, the levels of which are the technical floors as well as the structural connection to the load-bearing frame of the high-rise building. Passengers are transported via specially designed lifts or via the main lift well.
The open space of the hotel "x" 2 towers separated from each other are united by bridges on different levels.
The ground floor, embedded in the hill, is the lobby with reception, soft area and bars.
More interesting in the architecture of the hotel, on one of the towers is a through opening in the form of a circle with observation decks, offering panoramic views of the boundless sea and the neighbouring islands.
If all the creative ideas of this project are realised, MAHAO will have an example of an extremely bright and harmonious resort island of a new generation.
